追逐彩虹和海洋闪光：适居世界观测所内部工作角度的限制
摘要：可居住行星观测（HabWorlds）是NASA正计划进行的一个掩星空间任务，旨在探测可居住区内的岩石行星并确定它们的适居性。表面液态水是行星适居性定义的核心。外行星反射的恒星光的光度和偏振相位曲线可以显示由云层或大气气体散射引起的海洋闪烁、彩虹和其他现象。直接成像任务主要针对四分位附近的行星，但是HabWorlds的掩星器可能会遮挡这些光学特征最为明显的相位角。对于给定的外行星来说，可观测相位角的范围将取决于行星的轨道倾角和/或掩星器的内部工作角（IWA）。我们使用最近创建的与HabWorlds有关的164颗恒星目录，估计了可以搜索到由瑞利散射引起的海洋闪烁、彩虹和偏振效应的外地球数量。我们发现，极化的瑞利散射峰值在大多数外地球行星系统中都是可观测的。考虑到IWA=62毫弧秒（3lambda/D），位于相位角约20-60度的水云层引起的彩虹对于与地球等效辐照度的行星在46个系统中是可观测的，而位于相位角约130-170度的海洋闪烁特征在约16个系统中是可观测的。将IWA改进为41毫弧秒（2lambda/D）可将可观测性的彩虹和闪烁增加约2倍和3倍。通过观测这些散射特征，HabWorlds可以探测到地表海洋和水循环等关键的适居性指标。
作者：Sophia R. Vaughan (1), Timothy D. Gebhard (2 and 3), Kimberly Bott (4 and 5 and 6), Sarah L. Casewell (7), Nicolas B. Cowan (8), David S. Doelman (9 and 10), Matthew Kenworthy (9), Johan Mazoyer (11), Maxwell A. Millar-Blanchaer (12), Victor J. H. Trees (13 and 14), Daphne M. Stam (15), Olivier Absil (16), Lisa Altinier (17), Pierre Baudoz (11), Ruslan Belikov (18), Alexis Bidot (19), Jayne L. Birkby (1), Markus J. Bonse (3), Bernhard Brandl (9), Alexis Carlotti (19), Elodie Choquet (17), Dirk van Dam (9), Niyati Desai (20), Kevin Fogarty (18), J. Fowler (21), Kyle van Gorkom (22), Yann Gutierrez (11 and 23 and 24), Olivier Guyon (22 and 25 and 26 and 27), Sebastiaan Y. Haffert (22), Olivier Herscovici-Schiller (23), Adrien Hours (19), Roser Juanola-Parramon (28 and 29), Evangelia Kleisioti (9 and 30), Lorenzo K"onig (16), Maaike van Kooten (31), Mariya Krasteva (32), Iva Laginja (11), Rico Landman (9), Lucie Leboulleux (19), David Mouillet (19), Mamadou N'Diaye (33), Emiel H. Por (34), Laurent Pueyo (34), Frans Snik (9) ((1) Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, (2) Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, (3) ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, (4) Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Riverside, (5) NASA Nexus for Exoplanet System Science, Virtual Planetary Laboratory Team, (6) NASA Nexus for Exoplanet System Science, Terrestrial Polarization Team, (7) Centre for Exoplanet Research, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, (8) Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Department of Physics, McGill University, (9) Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, (10) SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, (11) LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Universit''e PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Universit''e, Universit''e de Paris, (12) Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, (13) Department of Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Delft University of Technology, (14) Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), (15) Delft University of Technology, (16) STAR Institute, Universit''e de Li`ege, (17) Aix Marseille Universit''e, CNRS, CNES, LAM, (18) NASA Ames Research Center, (19) Universit''e Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, (20) Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, (21) Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, (22) Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, (23) DTIS, ONERA, Universit''e Paris Saclay, (24) DOTA, ONERA, (25) Subaru Telescope, NAOJ, (26) College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, (27) Astrobiology Center, Tokyo, (28) NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, (29) University of Maryland Baltimore County, (30) Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, TU Delft, (31) National Research Council Canada, Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Center, (32) European Space Agency, ESTEC, (33) Universit''e C^ote d'Azur, Observatoire de la C^ote d'Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, (34) Space Telescope Science Institute)
论文ID：2307.15137
分类：Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
分类简称：astro-ph.EP
提交时间：2023-07-31